THREATS

Human activities such as vessel strikes and pollution have profoundly impacted whale populations around the globe.  For Right Whales, deaths have outpaced births over the past seven years, and population estimates have decreased from nearly 500 in 2017 to only 370 in 2024.

​Despite the numerous threats whales face, there is hope for their conservation. Technological advancements are aiding in the development of safer fishing gear and better tracking systems to prevent vessel strikes. Increased awareness and global cooperation are leading to stronger regulations and more effective conservation efforts. While Right Whales are still at risk, every small action, from reducing plastic use to supporting marine conservation initiatives, helps create a safer and healthier environment for whales. Together, we can make a significant difference in ensuring their survival.

VESSEL STRIKES

Whales can suffer injuries from boats in several ways. One type of injury is blunt force trauma, which occurs when a whale is unable to avoid an oncoming boat and is struck with potentially lethal force. Another type of injury results from propeller damage, causing lacerations that can seriously harm or even kill a whale. Calves are particularly vulnerable as they lack the experience and speed of adults to evade approaching vessels. Sadly, the photo to the left shows a Right Whale calf that sustained injuries from a boat propeller and did not survive.

TAKE ACTION: When boating during the calving season (December through March), travel at the slowest safe speed, ideally 10 knots, assign a lookout to scan for whales, avoid boating at night or in rough seas, and monitor VHF Channel 16. If you spot a Right Whale, move away slowly and remain at least 500 yards away.  Report the sighting by calling the hotline (888-979-4253) or hailing the US Coast Guard on VHF Channel 16.  In response to your report, an alert will be sent out to mariners to slow down or alter course.

entanglement in fishing gear

Whales often face the danger of becoming entangled in fishing gear, which can have devastating consequences. When whales get caught in nets, lines, or other fishing equipment, they can suffer severe injuries, including deep cuts, infections, and restricted movement. Even if they manage to free themselves, the injuries sustained can be life-threatening or severely impact their ability to feed and reproduce. Calves and juvenile whales are particularly at risk due to their smaller size and lack of experience. Efforts to mitigate this issue include developing whale-safe fishing gear and implementing stricter regulations to protect these majestic creatures. The photo to the left shows a mother Right Whale named "Snow Cone" entangled in fishing line with her calf following behind.

TAKE ACTION: Support research on new technologies that reduce the amount of rope in the water while still allowing fishermen to continue their livelihoods.  Help create a marketplace for “whale safe” seafood by asking restaurants and fish stores if their lobster, crab, and fish are harvested in gear that does not harm right whales.  Write to your representatives to support legislation that helps whales.

CLIMATE CHANGE

Climate change poses a serious risk by altering the habitats and food sources of whales, forcing them to migrate to new areas where they are more vulnerable to other threats.

TAKE ACTION: Reduce your energy use by insulating your home and using LED bulbs. Change your transportation habits; if you can, carpool, walk or use a bike for transportation. Grow your own food and reduce food waste.​

POLLUTION

Pollution, including plastic waste and toxic chemicals, contaminates the ocean environment that the whales live in as well as their food supply. This can lead to health issues, including slower rates of reproduction.

TAKE ACTION: Avoid single use plastics, instead use reusable grocery bags, water bottles, and coffee cups. Choose products with less packaging. Begin to recycle or support businesses that recycle. Dispose of waste properly.​

ocean noise

Underwater noise pollution can make it difficult for whales to communicate with each other, find food, and navigate. Types of ocean noise pollution include global shipping, construction activities, offshore wind turbine installation, ships' sonar, and oil & gas exploration.

​TAKE ACTION: Support policies that encourage slower boat speeds in known marine life pathways, choose ecotourism companies that act responsibly around marine life, contact elected officials and voice your support of marine protective initiatives.​